Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2017 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 6 Articles
The aim of this study is to evaluate the adhesion ability of okra gum, which is gaining\npopularity as a tablet binder. For this purpose, gum was extracted from okra pods, and the binding\nstrength of different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) was determined quantitatively. Additionally,\nnaproxen sodium tablets were prepared by using okra gum as a binder and were evaluated for\ntheir properties including hardness, friability, disintegration time, and dissolution rate. The binding\nstrength values were compared with that of pre-gelatinized starch, a commonly used tablet binder.\nThe results from universal testing machine indicate that the binding strengths of all dispersions of okra\nincrease as the concentration increases from 1% to 5% and ranges from 2.5 to 4.5 N, which are almost\ntwice a high as those of pre-gelatinized starch. The tablets prepared with okra gum have shown good\nmechanical strength with hardness values of 7ââ?¬â??8.5 kg/cm2 and a friability <1%, comparable to tablets\nprepared with starch. The disintegration time was longer (7.50 min with okra gum and 5.05 min with\nstarch paste), and the drug release from these tablets was slower than the formulations with starch.\nThe higher binding ability of okra gum probably linked with its chemical composition as it mainly\ncontains galactose, rhamnose, and galacturonic acid. This study concludes that okra gum is a better\nbinder than pre-gelatinized starch, it might be explored in future for introduction as a cost-effective\nbinder in the pharmaceutical industry....
Powder blend homogeneity is a critical attribute in formulation development of low dose and\npotent active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) yet a complex process with multiple contributing\nfactors. Excipient characteristics play key role in efficient blending process and final\nproduct quality. In this work the effect of excipient type and properties, blending technique\nand processing time on content uniformity was investigated. Powder characteristics for\nthree commonly used excipients (starch, pregelatinised starch and microcrystalline cellulose)\nwere initially explored using laser diffraction particle size analyser, angle of repose for\nflowability, followed by thorough evaluations of surface topography employing scanning\nelectron microscopy and interferometry. Blend homogeneity was evaluated based on content\nuniformity analysis of the model API, ergocalciferol, using a validated analytical technique.\nFlowability of powders were directly related to particle size and shape, while surface\ntopography results revealed the relationship between surface roughness and ability of\nexcipient with high surface roughness to lodge fine API particles within surface groves\nresulting in superior uniformity of content. Of the two blending techniques, geometric blending\nconfirmed the ability to produce homogeneous blends at low dilution when processed for\nlonger durations, whereas manual ordered blending failed to achieve compendial requirement\nfor content uniformity despite mixing for 32 minutes. Employing the novel dry powder\nhybrid mixer device, developed at Aston University laboratory, results revealed the superiority\nof the device and enabled the production of homogenous blend irrespective of excipient\ntype and particle size. Lower dilutions of the API (1% and 0.5% w/w) were examined using\nnon-sieved excipients and the dry powder hybrid mixing device enabled the development of\nsuccessful blends within compendial requirements and low relative standard deviation....
The present research investigation carried out was aimed to develop a colon targeted tablet of mesalamine which can provide targeted release of drug into the colon. Gum dammar and neem gum was selected as a degradable polysaccharide to prepare core tablet using different concentration. Physicochemical properties of gum dammar and neem gum like color, acid value, softening point molecular weight were studied. The core tablets were coated with acid soluble polymer shellac and enteric polymer Inulin. Coated tablet were studied for post compression parameters. All the observations are within the prescribed limits. The in-vitro release results indicate that as an increase in the polymer concentration the release of drug extended and gum dammar based formulation shows more extends drug release compare to neem gum based formulation. FTIR Studies shows there was no interaction found between any excipient and drug....
Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of bile salts, sodium cholate, sodium 12-ketocholate and\nsodium dehydrocholate, as excipients in ranitidine, aminophylline and phenobarbital tablets on dissolution rate.\nMethods: Four groups of tablets (control without bile salts and three investigational groups containing different\nbile salts) were prepared for three different drug substances: ranitidine, aminophylline and phenobarbital. Dissolution\nrate was measured.\nResults: Dissolution rate is increased significantly in all investigational groups comparing to the control group in\nall three drug substances.\nDiscussion: Presented results are very favourable and encouraging in case of dissolution enhancing and should\nbe further investigated, especially in drug substances that are classified in class II and IV as per Biopharmaceutical\nClassification System (BCS) classification.\nConclusion: Bile acid salts are very promising excipients, proven to act as surfactants and as lubricants.\nRunning title: Bile salts as excipients in ranitidine, aminophylline and phenobarbital tablets....
Despite its vast commercial value, native starch has some inherent weaknesses when it comes to pharmaceutical application, to mention few include; poor compressibility, low flow ability values and often drug/excipient compatibility problems. In this review, some potentials of modified starch with particular emphasis on their improved functionalities and applicability in pharmaceutical formulations were discussed. Basic requirements for pharmaceutical excipients and various modification methods for starch i.e chemical modification, physical and biotechnological methods were highlighted.Pharmaceutical applications of modified starches as tablet super disintegrant, sustained/controlled release polymer, plasma volume expanders and as directly compressible excipient in tablet formulations have been cited....
Purpose: In the present study the incompatibility of FLM (fluvoxamine) with lactose in\nsolid state mixtures was investigated. The compatibility was evaluated using different\nphysicochemical methods such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fouriertransform\ninfrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.\nMethods: Non-Isothermally stressed physical mixtures were used to calculate the solidââ?¬â??\nstate kinetic parameters. Different thermal models such as Friedman, Flynnââ?¬â??Wallââ?¬â??Ozawa\n(FWO) and Kissingerââ?¬â??Akahiraââ?¬â??Sunose (KAS) were used for the characterization of the\ndrug-excipient interaction.\nResults: Overall, the incompatibility of FLM with lactose as a reducing carbohydrate was\nsuccessfully evaluated and the activation energy of this interaction was calculated.\nConclusion: In this research the lactose and FLM Maillard interaction was proved using\nphysicochemical techniques including DSC and FTIR. It was shown that DSC- based\nkinetic analysis provides fast and versatile kinetic comparison of Arrhenius activation\nenergies for different pharmaceutical samples....
Loading....